1889 Excelsior Portable Burglar Alarm, made by the Excelsior Burglar Alarm Company of Cleveland, Ohio, USA. It uses a windup clockwork mechanism, with triggers a bell alarm if a lever is released.

c.1910s ‘Universal Burglar Alarm Lock’ made by Glynn-Johnson & Company in Chicago, USA. This device works like a traditional door chain, but with the addition of a mechanical bell alarm which is triggered when force is applied to the chain when in the locked position.

c.1967 Concord Electronics Corporation MTC-12 Closed Circuit Television Camera, manufactured in Japan. This particular analogue camera, made by a California-based company, was most likely used at either a bank, retailer or US Government facility, for security purposes. It has a fixed focal length lens (intended to cover a fixed field of view) and would have produced images in black and white. It may not have been possible to actually record the images produced, as video cassette recorders (VCRs) were not commercially available until 1971. Unlike most modern cameras, it is constructed mainly of metal.

1990s Securitas Direct wired intrusion detection system control panel and Passive Infrared (PIR) alarm sensor.

c.2010 battery-powered Passive Infrared (PIR) alarm sensor. This detection sensor is configured to communicate automatically via radio frequency (RF) signal to a receiver when motion is detected, triggering the receiver to sound an audible alarm.

c.2020 Honeywell Gent Vigilon optical heat and smoke multi detector with voice sounder. This detector has high-quality smoke and heath sensors with a built-in programmable sound and speech facility (enabling messages of up to 20 seconds to be broadcast), and is designed for industrial and commercial settings. It has a red visual alarm light at the centre of the light for added visibility in the event of a fire. Note that fire becomes a security risk (in contrast to purely a safety risk) when it is created for malicious purposes (i.e. ‘Fire as a Weapon’ type attacks used by terrorists).

2021 battery-operated, PIR motion sensor-activated LED twin spotlight. Unlike a traditional light (for non-security purposes), this LED spotlight is triggered by motion, with a 10 metre, 180 degree detection range; it can be directed in specific, different directions; can be dimmed for longer battery life; has a built-in timer enabling it to be set to remain on for specific amounts of time; is certified as outdoor weather-resistant; and, with 480 lumens, is brighter than most non-security lights. These features are commonly found on many security spotlights.

Avigilon internal dome fixed CCTV high-resolution surveillance camera. This camera has a strengthened plastic housing, designed to be vandal-resistant.

Battery-powered Passive Infrared (PIR) alarm sensor. This sensor sounds an alarm directly from the same unit. As it is small and wireless, it can be deployed in different environments, placed in various different positions, or fixed to a wall.